Entradas
Instant Immersion English Grammar and Pronunciation & Instant Immersion English: as a second Language (ESL) Deluxe edition
260 Mb | MP3 | Audio Lesson | Bit Rate: 192/kbps
Millions of people worldwide have discovered the value of Instant Immersion™, the most effective program available for learning to speak a foreign language quickly.
Instant Immersion English Grammar and Pronunciation
CD 1: Alphabet; Sounds
CD 2: Greetings; Introductions; Subject pronouns
CD 3: Gender agreement; Physical descriptions & corresponding verbs
CD 4: Weather; Numbers; Irregular verbs; Finding & following directions
CD 5: Days of the week; Date; Useful shopping terms
CD 6: Restaurants; Food & corresponding verbs
CD 7: Cultural notes on ethnic food & customs; Finding accomodations
CD 8: Time/hours; Corresponding verbs; Use of object pronouns
Instant Immersion English: as a second Language (ESL) Deluxe edition
CD 1: Meeting new people
CD 2: Visiting the supermarket
CD 3: Asking for bus information
CD 4: Finding a job
CD 5: Visiting the doctor
CD 6: Renting an apartment
CD 7: Communicating at work
CD 8: Buying a car
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Instant Immersion English
Sleeping Beauty - 6 Classic Children’s Stories
”Sleeping Beauty - 6 Classic Children’s Stories” (audiobook)
Publisher: Musicbank (2002) | 320 kbps MP3 Audio Book | 87 MB | 41 mins.
Classic children’s stories audiobook including Sleeping Beauty, Cinderella, Tom Thumb, Puss In Boots, Snow White & Seven Dwarts and Goldiock & The Three Bears.Enjoy!
Track list:
01.Sleeping Beauty
02.Cinderella
03.Goldilocks & The Three Bears
04.Snow White & The Seven Dwarfs
05.Tom Thumb
06.Puss In Boots
Classic children’s stories audiobook including Sleeping Beauty, Cinderella Tom Thumb, Puss In Boots, Snow White & Seven Dwarts and Goldiock & The Three Bears.Enjoy!
http://rapidshare.com/files/124343874/SleeBea.rar
V for Vendetta - Audio Book (rare)
Audio Books : Contemporary : MP3/64Kbps : English 8 CD
V for Vendetta - Audio Book (rare) Audio Books : Contemporary : MP3/64Kbps : English Remember remember the fifth of November Gunpowder, treason and plot. I know of no reason why gunpowder, treason Should ever be forgot? V for Vendetta is a ten-issue comic book series written by Alan Moore and illustrated mostly by David Lloyd, set in a dystopian future United Kingdom imagined from the 1980s about the 1990s. A mysterious anarchist named “V” works to destroy the totalitarian government, profoundly affecting the people he encounters. The series is set in a near-future Britain after a limited nuclear war, which has left much of the world destroyed. In this future, an extreme fascist party called Norsefire has arisen and is now the ruling power. “V”, an anarchist revolutionary dressed in a Guy Fawkes mask, begins an elaborate, violent and theatrical campaign to bring down the government. Herein lies an 8 CD audiobook based on the book by Alan Moore. The audio book is an adaptation of Moore’s novel, which includes elements from the film.
link
http://rapidshare.com/files/144225852/disc_1.zip
http://rapidshare.com/files/144225832/disc_2.zip
http://rapidshare.com/files/144225803/disc_3.zip
http://rapidshare.com/files/144225771/disc_4.zip
http://rapidshare.com/files/144225268/disc_5.zip
http://rapidshare.com/files/144225211/disc_6.zip
http://rapidshare.com/files/144225347/disc_7.zip
http://rapidshare.com/files/144225403/disc_8.zip
Cool English magazine # 33
Publisher: Eclectic Publishing
File size: WMA + PDF + PDF
File type: 56 MB + 69,2 MB + 8,58 MB
Cool English is a monthly magazine for teachers and learners of English. The magazine focuses on modern, spoken English in a fun and easy-to-learn format. Each magazine is accompanied by an audio CD so that readers can also listen to the articles, read by English native speakers, in different accents. Each edition of the magazine also comes with a free downloadable Exercise Pack, which allows readers and teachers to practice what they have been learning.
Cool English provides:
Fascinating reading every month.
Interesting articles from around the world.
Real English as spoken by native speakers.
A fun and truly different way of learning.
Listening activities with lots of different accents.
Exercise packs for even more value.
DOWNLOAD
magazine
http://rapidshare.com/files/151910256/cool_33.pdf
or
http://www.zshare.net/download/20174759baeba47d/
exercise pack
http://rapidshare.com/files/151890942/CE_EXERCISE_PACK_33_CUR.pdf
or
http://www.zshare.net/download/201686809c77e283/
audio
http://rapidshare.com/files/151907282/cd__33.rar
or
http://www.zshare.net/download/2017341300cc4678/
The Study of Language
Author: George Yule
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
File size: 3.42 MB
File type: PDF
Designed for beginners, this best-selling textbook provides a thorough introduction to the study of language. It introduces the analysis of the key elements of language--sounds, words, structures and meanings, and provides a solid foundation in all of the essential topics. The third edition has been extensively revised to include new sections on important contemporary issues in language study, including language and culture, African American English, sign language, and slang. A comprehensive glossary provides useful explanations of technical terms, and each chapter contains a range of new study questions and research tasks, with suggested answers.
http://ifile.it/lub0v8d/0521835577.zip
Friends ( 5 seasons) english+eng subtitles+special features
Author: David Crane and Marta Kauffman
Publisher: NBC
File type: avi
Friends is an American sitcom about a group of friends in the Greenwich Village area of Manhattan, New York City. It was originally broadcast from 1994 to 2004. It was created by David Crane and Marta Kauffman, and produced by Kevin S. Bright, Marta Kauffman and David Crane.
DVDRip
Total size approx. 60Gb (240Mb per part)
Language: English
Subtitles: English
+special features
+Gag Reels
http://rapidshare.com/users/DIYQ38
DK: Test For Success: English Age 11
DK: Test For Success: English Age 11
PC | Win95 - XP | Educational | DAA | 315 MB
Written by a team of Primary School teachers, this program covers all areas of the English Curriculum Key Stage 2. Test for success English is an interactive learning tool that helps focus revision and ensures success in school tests. Packed with interactive questions and tutorials, the program supports and extends schoolwork, including grammar, comprehension and spelling exercises. The program also provides a personal study guide to suit your child’s needs, targeting areas of weakness. Hosted by popular DK character Seemore Skinless it’s bound to keep your child entertained while they’re learning.
RS.com links:
http://rapidshare.com/files/75248072/CG.DK.TFS.R.11.part01.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/75251770/CG.DK.TFS.R.11.part02.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/75255306/CG.DK.TFS.R.11.part03.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/75259299/CG.DK.TFS.R.11.part04.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/75262532/CG.DK.TFS.R.11.part05.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/75265936/CG.DK.TFS.R.11.part06.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/75269125/CG.DK.TFS.R.11.part07.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/75271755/CG.DK.TFS.R.11.part08.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/75274338/CG.DK.TFS.R.11.part09.rar
http://rapidshare.com/files/75274557/CG.DK.TFS.R.11.part10.rar
Collins English Dictionary & Thesaurus
Collins English Dictionary & Thesaurus
Lingea Lexicon | 2002 | 21,3 Mb
Collins’s English Dictionary and Thesaurus provides instant access to over 200,000 definitions and 340,000 synonyms and antonyms.
• Fast and simple user interface
• Full text and anagram searches
• History list for reviewing your entries
• Easy cross-referencing between Dictionary and Thesaurus
This title offers instant dictionary access to 200,000 definitions and over 340,000 synonyms and antonyms. Includes: 14,000 new and updated entries; etymologies; pronunciations; examples of words in use; in-depth information on how to use words appropriately, and more.
There is a 340,000-word thesaurus which includes antonyms.
Definitions search to find a word when you only know its definition, or have a vague idea of what it means
Browse function lets you look through the entire dictionary or thesaurus one word at a time.
http://depositfiles.com/files/2754113
PopUp New Oxford Dictionary of English
PopUp New Oxford Dictionary of English | 4,4 Mb
This is software that requires installation. The file dates are all July-2000, with the exception of the BMP image that is dated August-2004.
requires installation onto hard drive
The authoritative source on the English language in a handy new digital version!
* With the Pop-up New Oxford Dictionary of English is the absolute essential tool for anyone who wants to write well!
* This comprehensive single-volume dictionary focuses on English as it is really used today — over 350,000 words, phrases and definitions are included
* Instant lookup from your Web Browser makes it simple to find the perfect word for any situation
* Move your cursor over a word on your web page and the entry is instantly displayed in a pop-up window
* Writing and research will be easier than ever with this powerful Digital dictionary!
——————————-
The New Oxford Dictionary of English is Oxford’s most comprehensive current Dictionary of English, containing approximately 350,000 words, phrases, and definitions. The CD-ROM version of this dictionary is now even easier to access thanks to the cutting-edge iFinger Pop-up and Search functions.
Installed on your hard-drive and running in the background, the revolutionary iFinger Pop-up technology included makes search operations in Windows-based environments easy and immediate. Highlight a word in your Windows application and one keystroke will find the definition; place the cursor over a word in Internet Explorer and a definition will appear in a pop-up window.
The New Oxford Dictionary of English is one in a series of Oxford Pop-up dictionaries available on CD-ROM, all of which feature the same technology and can be used together to form an integrated English and multilingual reference library.
Minimum system requirements: PC Pentium 166, Windows 95/98/ME/2000/XP, 32MB RAM, 20MB hard-disk space, SVGA monitor displaying 16-bit colour (64K, High colour), CD-ROM or DVD-ROM drive.
http://depositfiles.com/files/2775400
TranslateIt! v.6.2 build 3
TranslateIt! v.6.2 build 3 | 10.09 MB TranslateIt! v.6.2 build 3|10.09 MB
26.81MB Mirror: http://rapidshare.com/files/87786554/ti_62_build_3_Full.rar.html
Effective English for Kids v1.001.034
Effective English for Kids v1.001.034
RAR | English e-learning | 32.5 MB | RS+MU
http://rapidshare.com/files/90196903/Effective.English.v1.001.034.rar
Portable Vocaboly 2.1
Portable Vocaboly 2.1 | 3.7 Mb
Build your vocabulary in a fun and unique way with Vocaboly - award-winning vocabulary building software!
Main Features:
· Big Vocabulary
Vocaboly contains five books: “VOA Special English”, “TOEFL”, “GMAT”, “SAT” and “GRE”, more than 12000 words, each word contains meaning, phonetic symbol and
pronunciation. You can select the right book according to your purpose and English level.
· Word Cards
Every book contains eight cards, after you put some words into these cards, you can select a card to study, so you can easily focus on the words what you want to learn.
· Word Difficulty Level
Each word can set six difficulty level from 0 to 5, the default difficulty level is 0, you can learn the words in certain difficulty level range. combined with word cards, you can easily pick up the words that your are unfamiliar.
http://rapidshare.com/files/105636579/portable_Vocaboly_2.1.rar.html
Babylon Pro 7.0.3.13
Babylon Pro 7.0.3.13 | 6.29 MB
Babylon 7 is the world’s leading dictionary and language translation software. Babylon offers you the most intuitive tool for all your translation needs. With Babylon you can quickly translate emails, web pages, documents, instant messages, and more. All you have to do is click on the word or text that you want to translate and a small window instantly appears with the desired results from Babylon’s extensive database of language dictionaries, glossaries and conversion tools.
Babylon offers its users a wide range of titles from the world’s premier publishing houses including Oxford University Press, Britannica, Merriam-Webster, Larousse, Vox, Langenscheidt, Pons, and Taishukan. New version Babylon six offers text translation in 17 languages in addition to single word and phrase translations - all in a single click, results from Wikipedia encyclopedia in nine languages, automatic spelling feature, and accurate results in a single-click from a wide range of authoritative sources.
Babylon 7 - an easy and intuitive translation and dictionary software in over 75 languages. With Babylon 7, text translation has never been easier, no more “copy/paste” or unnecessary browser windows. Just click on any text in Word, Excel, emails, instant messaging, web pages and other desktop applications. All you need is a single click away.
Babylon 7 features:
* Single Click activation
* Text translation - in 17 languages
* Results from the world’s leading publishers
* Encyclopedias including Wikipedia content
* Translations in more than 75 languages
* Unit Conversions - Convert currencies, measurements and time
* Writing Tools for English
* Spelling Alternatives
* Technical Requirement
• Single Click Activation
Babylon online dictionary is a simple and intuitive tool operated by a single click. Just click on any text written in Word, Excel, PowerPoint, emails, web pages, instant messages or any other desktop application. A small window will instantly appear containing the translation results, as well as any information or conversion that you require. You can also easily copy/paste to and from Babylon. Actually, once installed in your computer, Babylon will become a powerful and innovative reference tool of easy use that will allow you immediate online access to dictionaries and encyclopedias covering all topics and themes.
• Text Translation
Text translations in 17 languages, all in a single click. Text translation has never been easier; no need for additional browsers or copy/paste. Just click any word in the text you want to translate and Babylon will automatically identify the inserted text passage and translate it. Despite the fact, that no machine translation is 100% accurate or delivers results equal to human translation, this great new feature, based on the most advanced text translation technology, helps you understand texts in languages you are less familiar with.
Babylon’s text translation is available in the following languages: English, French, German, Spanish, Italian, Portuguese, Japanese, Hebrew, Chinese (Traditional), Chinese (Simplified), Dutch, Russian, Korean, Turkish, Arabic, Farsi, Polish and Ukrainian.
• Results from the world’s leading publishers
Get single click results from the world’s leading dictionaries and encyclopedias for a small additional fee. Babylon offers its users a wide range of titles from the world’s premier publishing houses: Britannica, Oxford, Merriam Webster, Pons, Larousse, Langenscheidt, Taishukan, Michaelis, Van-Dale and many more. View a list of all the dictionaries and encyclopedias that Babylon offers.
• Wikipedia content
Babylon online dictionary’s single click intuitive technology now offers its users results from Wikipedia, The Web Free Encyclopedia, a multilingual web-based encyclopedia in 13 languages covering more than 2.2 million articles and definitions that are constantly updated according to the current events and science latest innovations. The combined use of online applications such as Babylon and Wikipedia, are today imperative tools for pupils, students and professional translators.
• Translation in more than 75 languages
Babylon’s translation and dictionary software offers results from a database of 1,300 sources in more than 75 languages. The database includes 25 professional dictionaries in 13 languages developed by Babylon’s own linguistic team: English, French, German, Spanish, Italian, Portuguese, Japanese, Hebrew, Chinese (Traditional), Chinese (Simplified), Dutch, Russian, Korean and Swedish. In fact, Babylon has developed a unique instant computerized translation tool that will eventually replace your traditional printed dictionaries, offering an immediate and online access to Internet information sources and a wide range of online dictionaries and glossaries that are constantly updated.
• Units & Measures Conversion
Babylon converts currencies, measurements and time-units, just click on any value in any desktop application to get instant conversions. Babylon online dictionary will automatically identify the required conversion type, based on unit symbols that appear next to the numbers. There is no more need to contact the bank or surf the web, an advanced conversion technology will allow you to find out online, at a single click, actual timetables and currency values, which are automatically updated on a daily basis.
• Writing Tools for English
In addition to text translation, Babylon online dictionary also offers its users tools for finding the exact word they are looking for and guarantee a correct verbal conjugation. Given that many words may be translated in several ways, Babylon enables its users to see each possible translation with its equivalent translation, in the user’s native language. Babylon also shows all possible conjugations, enabling thus the correct usage of the term.
• Spelling Alternatives
An automatic spelling feature available in Babylon provides solutions for common typos, misspellings and wording problems.“
2 Download Link: NO MIRROR PLEASE
Download Link: (For This countries only please: US, DE, ES, GB, FR, RU, IT, CA, PT, NL, BE)
http://depositfiles.com/files/4631325
http://w13.easy-share.com/1700086690.html
Portable Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English
Portable Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English | 1.1 GB
Get help with writing with the NEW Longman Writing Assistant Improve your pronunciation – 88,000 example sentence now pronounced on the CD-ROM Practise your exam technique with thousands of interactive exercises
Find out about the updated edition of the Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English
Take a guided tour of the CD-ROM
Get help using the dictionary in the classroom with our Teacher’s Lesson Plans
Download
http://www.filefactory.com/file/9a5af0/
The Linguist (A Personal Guide To Language Learning)
Author: Steve Kauffmann
Publisher: thelinguist.com
File size: 0.48 MB
File type: pdf
http://mihd.net/dl
NUEVO LINK: http://www.zshare.net/download/19587025f617e787/
Hot English Magazine 66 (02/2007) PDF and Audio
Hot English is a truly unique monthly magazine. It contains useful language and fun articles with key words explained in easy-to-understand English. Hot English comes with: Learn: All the English you'll ever need: Hot English is available every month (except August) and is perfect for all levels from pre-intermediate to advanced. It is also very popular with English language teachers because it has so much great material ready to use in class.
Author: Hot English Magazine
Publisher: Hot English Magazine
File size: 52.5 MB
File type: zipped mp3s and PDF
RAR'ed MP3s - 46MB
Useful links
Articles
Cambridge University Press Reader's webpage Success with Extensive Listening
Here is a guide to using graded readers for listening. There are some audio files too. It's from Penguin Readers. Other GR stuff is at http://www.penguinreaders.com/pr/resources/teachers.html
Listening Resources
Appropriate for Extensive Listening
Spotlight Radio: http://www.spotlightradio.net
Voice of America - Special English: http://www.voanews.com/specialenglish/index.cfm
Connect with English: http://www.learner.org/resources/series71.html
BBC World Service - Learning English: http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/
L.E.A.R.N. - Language Education and Research Network: http://learnintl.com
ELLLO – English Language Listening Lab Online http://www.Elllo.org
Appropriate for Extensive Listening (advanced level only)
Takako’s Great Adventure: http://international.ouc.bc.ca/takako/index.html
Euronews: http://www.euronews.net
National Public Radio: http://www.npr.org/
The America Project: http://www.theamericaproject.org/
Other Useful Listening Sites
ESL Cyber Listening Lab: http://www.esl-lab.com/
ESL About: http://esl.about.com/ or http://esl.about.com/cs/listening/index.htm
English Listening Lounge: http://www.englishlistening.com/
Adele's ESL Corner: http://www.members.iinet.net.au/~adelegc/index.html
Tower of English: http://towerofenglish.com/listening.html
Here are some online student resources and Ken Schmitt's listening page has many places to visit
http://www.successfulenglish.com/Successful_English/Online_Reading_%26_Listening_for_English_Learners.html.
http://www.eslpod. com/website/http://etc.usf. edu/lit2go/http://www.englishp od.com/http://www.eslpodcards.com/http://www.justvoca bulary.libsyn. com/ (Advanced)http://www.theboban drobshow. com/
BBC World Service - Learning English
English Listening Lounge (a member site which has a free area) http://englishlistening.com/
Course materials by an ESL instructor (resources at the bottom of the page are more general)
http://www.geocities.com/ccsnstudents/index.html
Collection of ESL resources http://www.1-language.com/eslnews/indexnew.htm
Pronunciation practice site http://www.uiowa.edu/~acadtech/phonetics/about.html
This is the BBC homepage for hundreds of recordings of various dialects and accents from around the world.
Also, readers/listeners should check out the growing number of adapted short stories by American authors available at www.voanews.com/specialenglish
VOA Special English address - www.voanews.com/specialenglish and their Special English American short story collection. http://www.voanews.com/specialenglish/amer-stories-page.cfm
L.E.A.R.N http://learnintl.com/modules/em3/
Recorded Books have many books that are recorded 40% slower without altering the pitch of the text. This is very useful for the practicing of the listening skill.
News broadcasts
Voice of America (this biased news source uses 'special English') http://www.voanews.com/specialenglish/index.cfm
Euronews http://www.euronews.net
National Public Radio http://www.npr.org
CNN Student News (you need to 'sign up' to use this) http://cnnstudentnews.cnn.com/fyi/index.html
http://www.breakingnewsenglish.com/index.html
iPods, PodCasts
Download iTunes and through the iTunes Store go to podcasts, power search and put esl into the description and you'll find lots.
ESLPod has some downloadable files for those with iPods
The Teaching of Listening
Listening is the ability to identify and understand what others are saying. This involves understanding a speaker's accent or pronunciation, his grammar and his vocabulary, and grasping his meaning (Howatt and Dakin). An able listener is capable of doing these four things simultaneously. Willis (1981:134) lists a series of micro-skills of listening, which she calls enabling skills. They are:
predicting what people are going to talk about guessing at unknown words or phrases without panic using one's own knowledge of the subject to help one understand identifying relevant points; rejecting irrelevant information retaining relevant points (note-taking, summarizing) recognizing discourse markers, e. g. , Well; Oh, another thing is; Now, finally; etc. recognizing cohesive devices, e. g. , such as and which, including linking words, pronouns, references, etc. understanding different intonation patterns and uses of stress, etc. , which give clues to meaning and social setting understanding inferred information, e. g. , speakers' attitude or intentions.
Listening is a receptive skill, and receptive skills give way to productive skills. If we have our students produce something, the teaching will be more communicative. This brings us to the must of integrating language skills. There are two reasons for using integrating activities in language classrooms:
To practice and extend the learners' use of a certain language structure or function To develop the learners' ability in the use of two or more of the skills within real contexts and communicative frame work.
Integrated activities, on the other hand, provide a variety in the classroom and thus maintain motivation and allow the recycling and revision of language which has already been taught separately in each skill.
How can we be certain that listening experiences will become more productive? Wittich tells us to distinguish the four levels existing in listening to radio or recordings:
Level 1. This mood is listening. Here, the sound remains in the background - there is usually limited comprehension, and, indeed, limited attention. One becomes directly aware of sounds only when they stop. Nevertheless, a certain amount of learning may take place.
Level 2. Here the purpose is relaxation, escape, getting your mind off something rather than on it. The material is comprehended but usually not analyzed for its value. This listening may result in useful ideas, but they are usually peripheral and/or accidental.
Level 3. On this level, answers are sought as a key to action. One listens to weather reports, traffic information from a plane-temporarily useful but what we might call forgettable transient information. This form of listening does not require long, sustained concentration.
Level 4. This is the stage of analytical and critical listening. The listener not only seeks a serious answer to a serious question but evaluates the quality of the answer. Round-table discussions, serious listening to talks, spirited conversation, symphonic music are at the fourth level. At this stage, listening to music is in the foreground of attention not in the background as on previous levels (Wittich and Schuller, 1962).
It is listening on the fourth level that primarily concerns us in our teaching. Such listening may add an emotional and dramatic quality. Radio and recordings highlight the importance of listening. Listening is as active as speaking (the other receptive skill), and in some ways even more difficult. It well requires attention, thought, interpretation, and imagination. To improve our learners' listening skills we should let them (Austin Shrope, 1970):
- Adopt a positive attitude.
- Be responsive.
- Shut out distractions.
- Listen for the speaker's purpose.
- Look for the signals of what is to come.
- Look for summaries of what has gone before.
- Evaluate the supporting materials.
- Look for non-verbal clues.
- We can call listening a decoding -making sense of the message process. Each short stretch of meaningful material which is read or heard has to be;
(I) recognised as meaningful and understood on perception
(II) held in the short term memory long enough to be decoded
(III) related to what has gone before and /or what follows.
Out of this process come pieces of information which can be stored in the long term memory for recall later. We can show the whole process in the form of a model (Abbott and Wingard, 1985).
Perception of sounds, letter shapes, etc.
Initial recognition of meaning of short stretches
Material held in short term memory
Related to material already held in short term memory
Related to material arriving in short-term memory
Meaning extracted from message and retained in long-term memory Gist recalled later
We can divide the listening process into 3 stages:
Pre-listening (purpose must be given at this stage),
During (in-while) listening,
Post -listening (speaking).
There is an association between expectation, purpose, and comprehension, therefore a purpose should be given to our learners. We should train students to understand what is being said in conversations to get them to disregard redundancy, hesitation, and ungrammaticality. The major problem is the actual way listening material is presented to the students. We should give a clear lead in what they are going to hear; use some kind of visual back up for them to understand; give questions and tasks in order to clarify the things in their minds; and be sure that these tasks help in learning, not confusing. Students should learn how use the environmental clues; the speaker's facial expression, posture, eye direction, proximity, gesture, tone of voice, and that general surroundings contribute information.
In listening activities, we listen for a purpose. We make an immediate response to what we hear. There are some visual or environmental clues as to the meaning of what is heard. Stretches of heard discourse come in short chunks, and most heard discourse is spontaneous, therefore differs from formal spoken prose in the amount of redundancy 'noise' and colloquialisms, and its auditory character.
In listening to English as a foreign language, the most important features can be defined as:
Coping with the sounds,
Understanding intonation and stress,
Coping with redundancy and noise,
Predicting,
Understanding colloquial vocabulary,
Fatigue,
Understanding different accents,
Using visual and environmental clues.
This brings us to the thought that, while planning exercises, listening materials, task and visual materials should be taken into consideration. The teacher should produce a suitable discourse while using recordings. A preset purpose, ongoing learner response, motivation, success, simplicity, and feedback should be the things considered while preparing the task. Visual materials are useful for contextualization. We can also categorize the goals of listening as listening for enjoyment, for information, for persuation, for perception and lastly for comprehension and lastly to solve problems.
We can divide listening for comprehension into three stages;
1. Listening and making no response (following a written text, informal teacher talk)
2. Listening and making short responses (obeying instructions - physical movement, building models, picture dictation. etc.), true- false exercises, noting specific information, etc.
3. Listening and making longer response (repetition and dictation, paraphrasing, answering questions, answering comprehension questions on texts, predictions, filling gaps, summarizing, etc)
The purposes that should be in a listening activity are giving/providing:
- General information (understanding of the main points)
- Specific information (understanding of the particular items)
- Cultural interest (generally informing about the target language culture)
- Information about people's attitudes and opinions
- The organization of ideas
- Sequence of events
- Lexical items (words expressing noise / movement)
- Structural items (their use and meaning)
- Functional items (their form and use)
- Lack of sociocultural, factual, and contextual knowledge of the target language can present an obstacle to listening comprehension. In his Language and Language Learning (1960), Brooks discusses vital points for the student to be aware of, such as contradictions and omissions -aspects of sandhi-variation (the changes occur in natural speech as a result of environment, stress, intonation, rate of speed and so forth). Though Brook does not specially refer to the term " sandhi-variation ", he does refer to the phenomenon of sadhi in his examples: Jeet jet? (Did you eat yet?) (p. 50) . According to Brooks, native speakers in an informal situation "habitually reduce the clarity of speech signals to the minimum required for comprehension. "Brooks believes that it is necessary to give consideration also to the interdependence of language and culture; for example, register, expletives, verbal taboos, culture-bound vocabulary. He also mentions that there is a need to clarify and point out the differences between written and spoken English.
In order to teach listening skills, a teacher should firstly state the difficulties. For a student of a foreign language, accurate and intelligent listening is a necessity, and the teacher is responsible to help his / her learners to acquire this skill which provides the very foundation for learning and functioning in a language. That the teacher can observe and isolate the errors in speaking, but could not in listening is a difficulty. In listening, the learner can exercise no controls over the structural and lexical range of the speaker to whom he is listening. Nevertheless, any listener can learn to focus on significant content items, to explain in another way he can learn to listen selectively.
Helping the learners to distinguish sounds, teaching to isolate significant content and informational items for concentration may be provided by controlled listening exercises. One exercise is to give him certain performance objectives -to give him general informational questions that he should be able to answer after he listens the material for the first time. These questions should require only the isolation of facts clearly revealed in the material. Questions that require application or inference from the information contained in the listening exercise are best used at later stages or more advanced students.
More controls are necessary at less advanced levels. Sheets containing sequentially organized and significant questions on context and content -questions that call for one-word answers -serve as useful guides for the student. Such questions help him filter out and listen for significant information. The questions themselves suggest the content and provide the student with an organizational frame for selective listening.
For listening comprehension exercises, we tend to read passages, record news or broadcasts, or prepare lectures. All of them have value, but they are extremely difficult sources for early practice in selective listening. This type of listening exercises does not present the redundancies, the colloquialisms, the hesitations, the gestures and the facial expressions that are an inseparable part of the spoken language. They emphasize informational content and fail to provide the signals used to communicate information and meaning.
Since most of the actual listening the student will be exposed to outside of the class is likely to be real-life conversation, it seems wisest to use materials cast in real-life situations for listening comprehension exercises -at least at the beginning level. If the oral instruction of the course is contextualized -set into a " situation " - it should be easy enough to contextualize the aural practice as well. The teacher can easily adapt to listening exercises those situations through which the text presents oral drills and communicative activities, just by giving them a slightly different twist. Listening exercises should be as natural as the situations from which they grow. In other words, an exercise in listening comprehension must be as close as possible to a "slice of life" -neither a contrived situation nor an artificially delivered discourse. By means of this, a teacher has a great work to do, and has to be a very creative person in order to teach listening communicatively.
Lesson Plan
Topic: Beauty Contest
Duration: 20 minutes
Level: Upper Intermediate
Materials: Pictures, blackboard, tape, tape-recorder
Goals: Students are asked to understand when they listen to a speech. This lesson will at least make the students take one step to get accustomed to hearing and understanding what they hear. Objectives: By the end of the lesson the students will understand the significance of listening.
ACTIVITIES
Pre-listening Activities: The teacher asks the students what they are going to listen to. A discussion atmosphere is tried to be created. At this stage pictures are used effectively.
During Listening Activities: While students are listening to the tape the teacher asks them to take some notes.
Post-listening Activities: The teacher writes some questions on the board and asks them to answer the questions. They are also stimulated to talk and participate in the activity dominantly.
I. PRE-LISTENIG ACTIVITIES
The teacher hangs the pictures on the board and tries to make the students talk about the subjects.
T: Do you think that they are beautiful?
S:. . .
T: Can you guess the name of the first competitor?
S:. . .
T: Can you guess the height of the second competitor?
S:. . .
T: What nationality does the third girl belong to? What is your opinion?
S:. . .
II. DURING LISTENING ACTIVITIES
The teacher asks the students to listen to the tape very carefully. And he gives information lists to the students. While they are listening to the tape they try to fill the blanks with appropriate information. If no information appears for any blank on the list, students are asked to put a cross on the blank provided for the required information.
III. POST-LISTENING ACTIVITY
The teacher writes on the board some questions. Students answer these questions to test whether they understood what they have listened or not.
Whose name is the best? Why do you think so?
Who is the tallest one of all?
Who is the oldest one of all?
Who is the heaviest one of all?
What nationality does the first one belong to?
What nationality does the second one belong to?
What nationality does the third one belong to?
Who can speak two languages?
What are those languages?
Whose favorite film star is Leonardo Di Caprio?
What does Suzanne Kerrigan mean by saying" I hope the political situation of my country will not effect this kind of a contest?"
IV. ASSIGNMENT
At home listen to the information about the people whose names are in the chart below and copmlete the missing information.
Elizabeth Mccornick Alexandra Bellomonti Suzanne Kerrigan
Nationality: Canadian Nationality: Italian Nationality:
Weight: 53 Weight: 51 Weight: 56
Age: 21 Age: 20 years old Age: 22
Languages: Languages: Languages:
Hobbies: Hobbies: Hobbies:
Profession: Profession: Profession:
Height:: Height: Height:1. 73
Her mother's name:
TRANSCRIPT
I'm Elizabeth Mccornick. I'm participating from Canada. I'm 21 years old and I weigh 53 kilos. I am a girl of 90-60-90. I am a bilingual person; that means I can speak two languages fluently and accurately: English and French. I prefer going to movies than enjoying theatrical acts. My favorite film star is Leonardo Di Caprio. My friends say that I am a good cook as well. I admit I like cooking traditional dishes in my spare time. I wish my best wishes to the other contestants. Thanks.
Good evening! I would like to greet all the people watching and participating this contest. My name is Alexandra Bellomonti and I'm from Italy. I am 20 years old and 51 kilos I weigh. I like going out with my friends at the weekends. I can also say that I'm studying really hard and I am expecting to be accepted to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. I really have a great desire for being a genetic engineer in the future. Thank you!
Hello everybody! I am Suzanne Kerrigan from the USA. I was born in 1976, in LA, California. I confess I weigh 56 kilos but I'm 1. 73 cm tall and that subdues my weight I think. I like skating on ice and I'm an amateur figure skater. I also like foreign and strange meals if they prove to be delicious, of course. Finally, I hope the political situation of my country will not effect this kind of a contest.
The Audiolingual Method
New material is presented in the form of a dialogue. Based on the principle that language learning is habit formation, the method fosters dependence on mimicry, memorization of set phrases and over-learning. Structures are sequenced and taught one at a time. Structural patterns are taught using repetitive drills. Little or no grammatical explanations are provided; grammar is taught inductively. Skills are sequenced: Listening, speaking, reading and writing are developed in order. Vocabulary is strictly limited and learned in context. Teaching points are determined by contrastive analysis between L1 and L2. There is abundant use of language laboratories, tapes and visual aids. There is an extended pre-reading period at the beginning of the course. Great importance is given to precise native-like pronunciation. Use of the mother tongue by the teacher is permitted, but discouraged among and by the students. Successful responses are reinforced; great care is taken to prevent learner errors. There is a tendency to focus on manipulation of the target language and to disregard content and meaning.
Hints for Using Audio-lingual Drills in L2 Teaching
1. The teacher must be careful to insure that all of the utterances which students will make are actually within the practiced pattern. For example, the use of the AUX verb have should not suddenly switch to have as a main verb.
2. Drills should be conducted as rapidly as possibly so as to insure automaticity and to establish a system.
3. Ignore all but gross errors of pronunciation when drilling for grammar practice.
4. Use of shortcuts to keep the pace o drills at a maximum. Use hand motions, signal cards, notes, etc. to cue response. You are a choir director.
5. Use normal English stress, intonation, and juncture patterns conscientiously.
6. Drill material should always be meaningful. If the content words are not known, teach their meanings.
7. Intersperse short periods of drill (about 10 minutes) with very brief alternative activities to avoid fatigue and boredom.
8. Introduce the drill in this way:
a. Focus (by writing on the board, for example)
b. Exemplify (by speaking model sentences)
c. Explain (if a simple grammatical explanation is needed)
d. Drill
9. Don’t stand in one place; move about the room standing next to as many different students as possible to spot check their production. Thus you will know who to give more practice to during individual drilling.
10. Use the "backward buildup" technique for long and/or difficult patterns.
--tomorrow
--in the cafeteria tomorrow
--will be eating in the cafeteria tomorrow
--Those boys will be eating in the cafeteria tomorrow.
11. Arrange to present drills in the order of increasing complexity of student response. The question is: How much internal organization or decision making must the student do in order to make a response in this drill. Thus: imitation first, single-slot substitution next, then free response last.
Deja Vu (2006)
File size: 699.9MBFile
type: DVD Rip
A ferry filled with crewmen from the USS Nimitz and their families was blown up in New Orleans on Mardi Gras. BATF Doug Carlin is brought in to assist in the massive investigation, and gets attached to an experimental FBI surveillance unit, one that uses spacefolding technology to directly look back a little over four days into the past. While tracking down the bomber, Carlin gets an idea in his head: could they use the device to actually travel back in time and not only prevent the bombing but also the murder of a local woman whose truck was used in the bombing?
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Indiana Jones I, II, III
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Star Wars Episodes 1-6 : High Quality
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All 6 episodes of the famous space saga...
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Password: www.illegalworld.org
Titles in PDF format from the popular "Very Short Introductions" series of Oxford University Press.
Publisher: Oxford University Press
File size: 49534 KB + 83176 KB
File type: pdf
Included are:
Anarchism
Ancient Egypt
Ancient Warfare
Anglicanism
Buddhist Ethics
Chaos
Christian Art
Christianity
Classics
Consciousness
Contemporary Art
Dada and Surrealism
Dinosaurs
Dreaming
Economics
Egyptian Myth
Everything
Existentialism
Fascism
Feminism
Fossils
Foucault
Free Will
Fundamentalism
Gandhi
Geopolitics
Global Catastrophes
Global Warming
Habermas
Hieroglyphs
History
Human Evolution
Journalism
Kabbalah
Kafka
Literary Theory
Marquis de Sade
Marx
Medical Ethics
Medieval Britain
Modern Art
Myth
Newton
Northern Ireland
Particle Physics
Photography
Political Philosophy
Politics
Postmodernism
Presocratic Philosophy
Psychiatry
Quantum Theory
Racism
Renaissance Art
Russian Literature
Sikhism
Socialism
The Brain
The Crusades
The Dead Sea Scrolls
The French Revolution
The History of Time
The Renaissance
The Roman Empire
The Spanish Civil War
The Vikings
The World Trade Organization
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Notting Hill
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Successful Writing for Proficiency
File size: 16.8 Mb
File type: PDF
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